Krisis Ekologi dan Mandat Kekhalifahan dalam Hukum Lingkungan Qur’ani
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Ecological crisis in Indonesia poses severe threats to environmental sustainability and human survival. This study examines how Qur'anic principles of khalifah (stewardship), mizan (equilibrium), fasad (corruption/destruction), and amanah (trustworthiness) provide comprehensive ethical frameworks for environmental protection in Islamic law. Through qualitative textual analysis integrating Qur'anic exegesis with contemporary environmental jurisprudence (fiqh al-bi'ah), the research investigates the applicability of Islamic environmental law to Indonesia's ecological challenges, particularly the 2025 Sumatra floods resulting from long-term deforestation. The study analyzes maqasid al-Shariah's principle of environmental preservation (hifz al-bi'ah) and demonstrates how Islamic environmental law can be integrated with Indonesia's positive environmental law system. While the Indonesian Ulema Council's green fatwas provide moral and normative frameworks, implementation faces challenges due to legal dualism and weak institutional enforcement. The research concludes that effective environmental protection requires systematic integration of Islamic environmental principles with state legal mechanisms, complemented by community-based approaches emphasizing spiritual values and moral responsibility toward nature as manifestation of obedience to God.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Buku
Alu Syaikh, Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdurrahman Bin Ishaq. Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Jilid 1. Jakarta: Pustaka Imam Asy-Syafi’i, 2016.
---. Tafsir Ibnu Katsir. Jilid 7. Jakarta: Pustaka Imam Asy-Syafi’i, 2016.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Tafsir al-Mishbah: Pesan, Kesan, dan Keserasian al-Qur’an. Jilid 1. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2002.
Jurnal dan Prosiding Ilmiah
Agustiar. “Fiqh’s Contribution to Sustainable Development.” Proceeding of International Conference on Education and Sharia 1 (31 Agustus 2024): 115–24. https://doi.org/10.62097/ices.v124.23.
Amalia, Nabila Rizqi, dkk. “Peran Angin sebagai Media Penyerbukan Perspektif al-Qur`an: Analisis Q.S. Al-Hijr ayat 22.” Fathir: Jurnal Studi Islam 2, no. 3 (2025): 373. https://doi.org/10.71153/fathir.v2i3.331.
Amirullah. “Krisis Ekologi: Problematika Sains Modern.” 18, no. 1 (2015): 4.
Habibullah, Ilham, dkk. “Isyarah ‘Ilmiyyah (Sains) dalam Al-Qur’an Surah Al-Syams Ayat 1-5 Perspektif Zaghloul Raghib Muhammad An-Najjar.” Studia Quranika 9, no. 1 (2024): 117. https://doi.org/10.21111/studiquran.v9i1.12469.
Hutagalung, Natrisia. “Islam and the Environment: A Conceptual Analysis Based on the Qur’an and Hadith.” Muqaddimah: Jurnal Studi Islam 15, no. 5 (31 Desember 2024): 18–31. https://doi.org/10.71247/r0jk0s98.
Itishan, Bani Adam, Kurniaty, dan Musyfikah Ilyas. “Islamic Law Principles and Sustainable Mining Governance in Indonesia: An Analytical Framework.” Progressive Law Review 7, no. 2 (2025): 280–299. https://doi.org/10.36448/prolev.v7i2.297.
Iskandar, Iskandar, dan Hadi Sofuoğlu. “Islamic Environmentalism in Indonesia: An Analytical Study of MUI Fatwas on Environmental Protection.” Bulletin of Islamic Research 3, no. 2 (10 Februari 2025): 177–202. https://doi.org/10.69526/bir.v3i2.168.
Izmuddin, Iiz, dkk. “The Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa Analysis on The Environment and Their Relationship to The Green Economics Concept Development.” Jurnal Syntax Admiration 3, no. 12 (26 Desember 2022): 1559–68. https://doi.org/10.46799/jsa.v3i12.536.
Kurni, Waesul. “Air Dalam Al-Qur’an Dan Fungsinya Dalam Kehidupan.” 2 (2016): 148.
Latif, Muhaemin, dkk. “Environmental Theology and Its Relevance to Islamic Law: Perception of Makassar Muslim Scholars, Indonesia.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 3 (19 Oktober 2023): 1734. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.18905.
Muslimin, J. M., Lutfi Chakim, dan . Fauzani. “Maqasid Al-Shariah in Environmental Conservation of Yusuf Al-Qardawi’s Perspective.” Dalam Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Recent Innovations, 869–77. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009919008690877.
Munawaroh, Mumun, dan Abdillah Syaikhon. “Bridging Ethics and Ecology: Fiqh as a Framework for Sustainable Environmental Management.” Al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies 7, no. 4 (2024): 603–611. https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v7i4.1671.
Muntaqo, rifqi. Wawasan Al-Qur’an Tentang Ekologi. n.d.
Najemi, Andi, dan Mohamad Rapik. “Islamizing Environmental Law in Indonesia; Rethinking the Green Fatwa.” Jambe Law Journal 7, no. 1 (6 Agustus 2024): 253–74. https://doi.org/10.22437/home.v7i1.290.
Nur, Afrizal, dkk. “Qur’anic Ecotheology and the Ethics of Forest Protection in Indonesia.” Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis 26, no. 2 (31 Juli 2025): 351–82. https://doi.org/10.14421/qh.v26i2.6312.
Nurhayati, Aisyah, dkk. “Kerusakan Lingkungan Dalam Al-Qur’an.” n.d.
Nurholis, Muhamad. “Islamic Law and Environmental Sustainability: Maqasid Al-Sharia’s Perspective.” Jurnal Mediasas: Media Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah 8, no. 3 (18 Agustus 2025): 541–48. https://doi.org/10.58824/mediasas.v8i3.413.
Rabianzah. “Tumbuhan dalam Al-Qur’an: Kajian Tafsir Maudhu’i atas Istilah Nabata.” 5, no. 2 (2025): 12146.
Ulum, Bachrul, Nur Hasanah Mahnan, dan Fathul Ihsani. “Islamic Ethics In Sustainable Environmental Resource Management.” INCOME: Innovation of Economics and Management 4, no. 3 (23 Februari 2025): 81–86. https://doi.org/10.32764/income.v4i3.5590.
Yayah, Yayah, Jaka Ghianovan, dan Abil Ash. “Environmental Ethics in Tafsir of the Qur’an (Study of Surah Ar-Rum Verse 41 Quraish Shihab’s Perspective).” Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities 7, no. 3 (29 Juli 2024): 1223–31. https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v7i3.40090.
Sunardi, dkk. “Environmental Protection Based on Islamic Law and Epistemology in Indonesia.” Law and Justice 8, no. 1 (17 Agustus 2023): 57–69. https://doi.org/10.23917/laj.v8i1.635.
Firdaus, Reno, dan Asfar Hamidi Siregar. “Nahdlatul Ulama and Environmental Engagement in Coastal Bengkalis amid Ecological Crisis.” Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Indonesia (JSAI) 6, no. 1 (30 Maret 2025): 85–96. https://doi.org/10.22373/jsai.v6i1.7518.
Sumber Daring (Online)
Jong, Hans Nicholas. “Surge in Legal Land Clearing Pushes up Indonesia Deforestation Rate in 2024.” Mongabay, 2025. https://news.mongabay.com/2025/02/surge-in-legal-land-clearing-pushes-up-indonesia-deforestation-rate-in-2024/.
Koons, Eric. “Environmental Issues In Indonesia: A Growing Concern.” Climate Impacts Tracker Asia, 2024. https://www.climateimpactstracker.com/environmental-issues-in-indonesia-a-growing-concern/.
Rohmah, Ainur. “SEA Flood Crisis And Environmental Reckoning.” Asia Sentinel, 2025. https://www.asiasentinel.com/p/southeast-asia-flood-crisis-environmental-reckoning.
Suhenda, Dio. “Environmental Degradation in Spotlight in Sumatra Floods.” The Jakarta Post, 2025. https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2025/12/04/environmental-degradation-in-spotlight-in-sumatra-floods.html.
Suryatmojo, Hatma. “Indonesia in Urgent Need for Better Environmental Management.” Antara News English, 2025. https://en.antaranews.com/news/395080/indonesia-in-urgent-need-for-better-environmental-management#:~:text=forest hydrology expert at Gadjah Mada University.