Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal dan Likuiditas terhadap Kinerja Keuangan di Perbankan Syariah Indonesia
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) terhadap kinerja keuangan yang diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA). Populasi penelitian mencakup seluruh Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) yang terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) periode 2019–2024. Melalui teknik purposive sampling, diperoleh 13 bank sebagai sampel dengan total 78 observasi tahunan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dengan bantuan software Stata, di mana Random Effect Model (REM) terpilih sebagai model estimasi terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, baik CAR maupun FDR tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA pada taraf nyata 5%. Namun, secara simultan, kedua variabel tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan. Rendahnya nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 12,82% mengindikasikan keterbatasan variabel independen dalam menjelaskan variasi profitabilitas. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengungkapan anomali kinerja perbankan syariah di masa pemulihan ekonomi (2021–2024), di mana agresivitas pembiayaan dan penurunan penyangga modal tidak linear dengan pertumbuhan laba. Implikasinya, manajemen bank dan regulator perlu meninjau ulang determinan non-tradisional, seperti efisiensi biaya dana dan loyalitas nasabah, untuk menjaga stabilitas profitabilitas dalam kondisi ekonomi yang dinamis.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Al-Harbi, A. (2020). The determinants of capital structure for Saudi non-financial listed companies: A distinct perspective on the connection between capital structure and firm performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), 167–177. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.167
Almunawwaroh, M., & Marliana, R. (2021). Pengaruh CAR, NPF dan FDR Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah di Indonesia. Amwaluna: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Syariah, 2(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29313/amwaluna.v2i1.3301
Andini, M. S., & Putri, S. P. (2025). Aggressiveness Reviewed From Liquidity, Leverage, And Profitability Moderated By Independent Commissioners. I-FINANCE: AResearch Journal on Islamic Finance, 11(2), 401–419. https://doi.org/https://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/I-Finance/article/view/31784
Chowdhury, M. A. F., Haque, M. M., & Masih, M. (2017). Re-visiting the determinants of performance of Islamic banks in GCC countries. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 10(4), 560–580. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-04-2016-0056
Hantono, H. (2018). The Effect of CAR, LDR, and NPL to ROA (Case Study on Banking Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange). International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 6(3), 114–122. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v6i3.em04
Harahap, R. A., & Prasetiono, A. (2024). Analisis Determinan Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah Menggunakan Metode Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Syariah, 3(2), 159–176. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21107/jra.v3i2.238
Musa, H., Natoradza, T., Musova, Z., & Durana, P. (2020). The impact of liquidity on profitability in the banking sector. Journal of Competitiveness, 12(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2020.04.07
Noman, A. H. M., Pervin, S., Chowdhury, M. M., & Banna, H. (2017). The effect of credit risk on the banking profitability: A case on Bangladesh. Global Journal of Management and Business Research: C Finance, 17(3), 41–48. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178387
Putri, S. D., & Sari, M. M. (2021). Pengaruh Risiko Likuiditas dan Risiko Operasional Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi (JIMEKA), 6(3), 514–526. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24815/jimeka.v6i3.19706
Saputri, W. L. K., & Prasetiono, A. (2023). Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan Net Interest Margin (NIM) Terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) Bank Umum Syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam (JEBIS), 9(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37033/jebis.v9i1.353
Sari, A. D., Setiawati, L., & Herawati, T. (2022). Efisiensi Modal Kerja dan Rasio CAR Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Islam (JAKI), 10(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35836/jaki.v10i1.332
Setiawan, A., & Praptoyo, S. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh CAR, LDR, NPL, dan BOPO Terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA) Pada Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 10(4), 21–39. http://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jira/issue/archive
Setiawan, B., & Roz, K. (2021). The Effect of Non-Performing Financing and Financing to Deposit Ratio on the Profitability of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(7), 241–250. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no7.0241
Sudarmawanti, E., & Pramono, J. (2020). Pengaruh CAR, NPF, BOPO, dan FDR Terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA) Pada Bank Umum Syariah. Jurnal Ilmiah Among Makarti, 10(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52353/ama.v10i1.144
Sutrisno, S., & Widarjono, A. (2018). Maqashid Sharia index, banking risk and performance cases in Indonesian Islamic banks. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 8(9), 1175–1189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.aefr.2018.89.1175.1189
Wasiuzzaman, S., & Chong, L. . (2019). The determinants of conventional banks profitability in developing and underdeveloped OIC countries. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 24(47), 4–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-05-2018-0043
Wasiuzzaman, S., & Sari, M. A. W. (2020). The effect of leverage and profitability on tax avoidance of Islamic banks: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(6), 1147–1163. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-01-2020-0010
Widyastuti, W., & Yulianto, R. (2020). Analisis Dampak Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) Terhadap Return on Assets (ROA) Dengan Non-Performing Financing (NPF) Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Bank Umum Syariah. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Syariah, 8(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35836/jaks.v8i1.134
Yusuf, M., & Widyastuti, W. (2020). Analysis of The Effect of CAR, NPF, FDR, and BOPO on ROA in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research, 1(4), 316–327. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54408/jabter.v1i4.23